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By Angelina Kuzai D’Abronzo The German Empire was an important period in the development of modern Germany and its existing political system. It was the Empire that created a unified German state, introduced new political institutions, and changed the relation between citizens and political power. But how democratic was the German Empire really? This is a question that is not as simple as it might first appear. And to answer to it, one must first know what is understood under

Written by Luma Guerreschi “He who knows only his own side of the case knows little of that.” — John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859) In ancient Athens, around 508 BC, lived an aristocrat named Cleisthenes. Athens had only recently escaped decades of tyranny, yet its political future was far from settled. When Cleisthenes found himself competing for power with another aristocrat, Isagoras, his opponent turned to the Spartan king Cleomenes I for support. Cleisthenes, however, tu